Spinal Decompression Surgery: How It Helps Relieve Pressure on the Spine

Chronic back pain, leg weakness, and numbness in the extremities can all stem from one common issue—compression on the spinal cord or nerves. Whether caused by a herniated disc, spinal stenosis, or degenerative changes, this pressure can significantly impact your quality of life.

At IGEA Brain, Spine & Orthopedics, we offer advanced spinal decompression surgery options designed to relieve this pressure, restore mobility, and help patients return to their daily activities pain-free.

What Is Spinal Decompression Surgery?

Spinal decompression surgery refers to a group of surgical procedures used to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. This pressure can result from various spinal conditions, including:

• Herniated or bulging discs
• Degenerative disc disease
• Spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal)
• Bone spurs (osteophytes)
• Spondylolisthesis (slipping vertebra)
• Tumors or spinal injuries

By removing or reshaping the tissue that’s compressing the nerves, spinal decompression surgery allows for improved nerve function and reduced pain.

Common Types of Spinal Decompression Surgery

There are several types of decompression procedures, and the right approach depends on the cause and location of the compression:

1. Laminectomy: A laminectomy involves removing a portion of the vertebral bone (the lamina) to enlarge the spinal canal and relieve pressure. It’s often used to treat spinal stenosis.
2. Discectomy: A discectomy removes part or all of a herniated disc that’s pressing on a nerve. It’s commonly performed in the cervical or lumbar spine.
3. Foraminotomy: In this procedure, the surgeon enlarges the foramen—the opening where nerve roots exit the spine—to relieve nerve compression.
4. Microdiscectomy: A minimally invasive version of discectomy, microdiscectomy uses a small incision and microscope-assisted tools for faster recovery and less tissue disruption.
5. Spinal Fusion (when needed): In cases where spinal instability is a concern, a spinal fusion may be performed along with decompression to stabilize the affected segment.

How Spinal Decompression Surgery Helps

The goal of decompression surgery is to relieve pressure on nerves and the spinal cord, which can result in:

• Reduced back and neck pain
• Decreased numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arms or legs
• Improved walking and mobility
• Better bladder or bowel control (in cases involving cauda equina syndrome)
• Enhanced overall function and quality of life

Many patients experience significant relief shortly after surgery, with continued improvement as they recover and regain strength through physical therapy.

Who Is a Candidate for Spinal Decompression Surgery?

You may be a candidate for spinal decompression surgery if:

• Conservative treatments (physical therapy, medications, injections) haven’t provided relief
• Your symptoms interfere with daily life or mobility
• Imaging studies confirm spinal nerve compression
• You have progressive neurological symptoms, such as muscle weakness or loss of coordination

At IGEA, our specialists perform a thorough evaluation, including advanced imaging, to determine the best treatment plan for your unique needs.

Minimally Invasive Options at IGEA

Whenever possible, we offer minimally invasive spinal decompression procedures. These techniques involve smaller incisions, reduced muscle disruption, and faster recovery times. Patients often return home the same day or after a short hospital stay, depending on the procedure.

What to Expect from Recovery

Recovery times can vary depending on the type of decompression performed, but many patients begin to feel better within days to weeks after surgery. Physical therapy is often recommended to rebuild strength, flexibility, and prevent future issues.

At IGEA, we provide ongoing support throughout your recovery journey, ensuring you’re healing properly and regaining your quality of life.

The IGEA Difference

Spinal decompression surgery is both an art and a science. Our fellowship-trained spine surgeons at IGEA Brain, Spine & Orthopedics are experts in using the latest techniques and technologies to ensure the best outcomes for our patients.

With offices across New Jersey and New York, we offer convenient access to compassionate, personalized spine care.